Many coaching conversations talk about decision-making, game intelligence or reading the play. Often, these ideas get described as something happening “in the athlete’s head”.
From an ecological dynamics point of view, thinking doesn’t sit in isolation inside the brain. Instead, thinking, perceiving and acting happen together, shaped by the environment the athlete is performing in.
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This article highlights five key messages for sport coaches and focuses on what this means in practice.
1. Thinking, Seeing and Moving Are Always Linked
Athletes don’t think first and then act later. They perceive information, make sense of it, and act at the same time.
Good coaching helps athletes notice opportunities in the game rather than memorise instructions.
What this means for coaches:
- Design practices that force athletes to scan and adapt
- Use cues that direct attention to the environment
- Avoid overloading athletes with instructions
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2. Skill is About Function, Not Perfect Technique
There is no single correct way to move in sport. Athletes adapt their actions based on the task, the opponent, the space and their own physical state.
Skill development is better described as skill adaptation.
What this means for coaches:
- Judge performance by effectiveness
- Allow different solutions to the same problem
- Accept variability as part of learning
3. Intelligent Performers Adapt, They Don't Just Repeat
Intelligent performers know when and why to act, not just how.
What this means for coaches:
- Coach the when and why
- Use constraints to shape decisions
- Encourage athlete discussions
4. Autonomy Build Better Decision-Makers
Athletes learn by solving problems, not being given answers.
What this means for coaches:
- Frame practice as challenges
- Adjust constraints regularly
- Use short reflection breaks
5. Intentions Shape What Athletes Notice
Clear intentions guide attention and decision-making.
What this means for coaches:
- Set clear intentions
- Agree success criteria
- Reflect before feedback
Become a member to dive deeper into these ideas through our monthly meet ups, resources, and articles.
